A computer, a computer, an operating machine, a high speed, a large quantity, a large amount of
Computers are the most versatile and common tools of our time, and are manufactured from numerous integrated circuits, support components and extensions, which are under the coordination of a program called operating system (OS).
The information is displayed through the communications network.
Every computer is composed of a vast amount of elements, grouped into two broad categories: hardware and software.
Hardware. It is the physical part of the computer, that is, its electronic physical components, for various functions, from information management to power supply and base calculations. It would be equivalent to the "body" of the device.
Software. This is the intangible, digital part of the computer, where all operations of conceptual or abstract type occur, and which normally operate in a simulated virtual environment: in a representation. The software is made up of the programs, both in the database and in subsequent applications. It would be equivalent to the "spirit" of the apparatus.
Few are the areas of life in the 21st century. Technological devices, such as cell phones, calculators or the microwave oven, consist of some type of computer.
See also: Output Devices.
The invention of the computer can not be attributed to a particular individual, not even to a set of them at a certain time, but is the result of the needs of automation of the information of the human being. For its initial development, many previous advances were needed in the areas of electronics, electricity, mechanics, semiconductors, logic, algebra and programming.
The first computer recognizable as such was invented in 1938 by the German engineer Konrad Kuse and operated on the basis of perforated tapes. It was called Z1 and it was the first model of the first autonomous computer, the Z3, which were basically programmable electromechanical calculators.
The first industrial-scale computer was developed in 1953 and was the IBM650. The first personal computer sold on a large scale would appear in 1977: the Apple II, of the newly created North American corporation of Steve Jobs.
Evolution of the computer
The first ancestors of the computer were primitive and old tools that allowed to facilitate the work of calculation, say, grandparents of the school calculators like the abacus (invented in 2700 a.C.).
The development of mathematics and the invention of algorithms (830 AD) or the rules of calculation (1620 AD) would be the conceptual basis for a long scientific evolution that would crystallize in the 19th century, with the invention of the first calculating machines, such as the "analytical machine" of Charles Babbage (1833) or the tabulating machine of Hermann Hollerith (1890).
The next step occurs in the Second World War, when the mathematician Alan Turing, among others, collaborated to develop automatic systems that decipher the German military codes. At the same time, on the other side, the Z1 and its later versions were invented, which due to the war would go largely unnoticed.
The first generation of computers appeared in the 1950s and were nothing more than bulky calculating machines, which consisted of transistors and control programs based on punched cards.
Its replacement by valve systems that same decade led to the birth of the second generation, and the third generation came from the invention in 1957 of integrated circuits, thanks to which would originate the processor and microprocessor in 1971.
From then on, the evolution of the computer would be dizzying, with the first portable computers and the first PDAs appearing in 2000, and in 2007 the iPhone, the first smart cell phone or Smartphone.
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